MEDICAL DISCLAIMER: Educational research guidelines only. Lyophilized peptides are investigational chemical compounds and are NOT approved for human consumption, diagnosis, or therapy. Consult a licensed physician before any research application.
Glandokort Dosage Chart, Schedule & Reconstitution Protocol
Quickstart Highlights
Glandokort (Adrenal Cytomax A-17) is an oral adrenal peptide bioregulator from Vladimir Khavinson's cytomax family, produced from purified bovine adrenal tissue and sold as a dietary supplement, not an approved drug. It is proposed to act epigenetically, with short peptides entering adrenocortical cells and binding tissue-specific gene promoters to support steroidogenesis (cortisol, aldosterone, DHEA) and stress adaptation as adrenal function declines with age (PMID 22117547, 34834147). The label protocol is 20 mg/day, taken as two 10 mg capsules 15-30 minutes before food, for a 30-day course repeated every 3-6 months. Direct trials of the finished product are lacking; supporting data come from Khavinson's wider short-peptide program and from primate studies showing normalization of age-disrupted cortisol rhythms (PMID 11550036). The subcutaneous reconstitution figures on this page are an educational reference only, since the real-world route is oral. Nothing here is medical advice.
Reconstitute: Add 2 mL bacteriostatic water → 10 mg/mL concentration.
Typical dose: 20 mg/day (2 x 10 mg caps), 30-day course
Easy measuring: At 10 mg/mL, 1 unit = 0.01 mL = 0.1 mg (100 mcg) on a U-100 insulin syringe.
Storage: Capsules: store in a cool, dry place below 25°C, away from light. Educational reconstituted solution: refrigerate at 2-8°C and avoid repeated freeze-thaw.
Half-life: No defined plasma half-life; ultra-short peptides are hydrolyzed by peptidases within minutes, so dosing follows a fixed course rather than blood levels.
Route: Oral capsules clinically (20 mg/day); the subcutaneous figures here are an educational reconstitution reference only.
Status: Not FDA or EMA approved; marketed as a dietary supplement (cytomax) or used as a research compound.
About Glandokort
Glandokort (Adrenal Cytomax A-17) is an oral adrenal peptide bioregulator. Clinically it is taken as capsules, so the subcutaneous reconstitution figures on this page are an educational reference only, presented the same way this site handles other Khavinson cytomaxes. The Glandokort dosage that appears on the manufacturer label is 20 mg per day (two 10 mg capsules), taken 15-30 minutes before meals for a 30-day course and repeated every 3-6 months.\n\nWithin the Khavinson model, ultra-short peptides are small enough to enter cells and the nucleus and bind tissue-specific gene-promoter motifs, which is the proposed basis for an adrenal-tropic effect on steroidogenesis and stress adaptation [1][2]. There is no controlled trial of the finished product, and no defined plasma half-life, so the protocol is a fixed course rather than a steady-state regimen.\n\nThis educational guide models reconstitution and a once-daily microgram dose using a U-100 insulin syringe, reflecting the active short-peptide content rather than the bulk capsule weight.\n\nFrequency: Inject once daily subcutaneously (educational model only; the clinical route is oral capsules). At a 20 mg vial in 2 mL, the solution is 10 mg/mL, so 100 mcg equals 1 insulin-syringe unit and a 100-200 mcg educational dose is just 1-2 units.
Quick Protocol Navigation
Reconstitution Instruction & Mixing Step-by-Step
Lyophilized powder must be reconstituted carefully. Agitating peptide chains can shear disulfide bonds and render the peptide biologically inert.
Draw 2.0 mL of bacteriostatic water into a sterile syringe.
Inject it slowly down the inside wall of the 20 mg Glandokort vial; do not spray directly onto the powder.
Swirl or gently roll the vial until fully dissolved; never shake, which can shear the peptide and cause foaming.
Swab the stopper, invert the vial, and withdraw the prescribed number of units (100 mcg = 1 unit at this 10 mg/mL concentration).
Inject subcutaneously at a 45-90 degree angle, do not aspirate, then withdraw and apply gentle pressure with a fresh swab.
Interactive Glandokort Syringe Calculator
Currently visualizing the 20 mg vial reconstituted with 2 mL bacteriostatic water. Adjust the target dose to dynamically render syringe units.
Reconstitution Calculation: 20mg dry powder in 2mL water yields 10.00 mg/mL. To evaluate a 250mcg dose, pull to 2.5 units (3 syringe ticks).
U-100 Syringe Representation
Educational reference visual. Assumes standard U-100 insulin syringe where 1.0 mL volume = 100 units.
Titration & Dose Escalation Schedules
| Phase | Dose per injection | Units (per injection) |
|---|---|---|
| Days 1-7 (introduction) | 100 mcg | 1 units (0.01 mL) |
| Days 8-30 (standard 30-day course) | 200 mcg | 2 units (0.02 mL) |
| Maintenance pulse (10 days, every 3-6 months) | 200 mcg | 2 units (0.02 mL) |
Administration guidelines: Refer to guidelines | 2 mL Reconstitution
Research Supplies Quantity Planner
Scientific mathematical planning of syringes, bacteriostatic water and dry vials needed for extended research blocks using the 20 mg vial.
Peptide Vials (Glandokort, 20 mg each):
- check8 weeks (~200 mcg/day): about 11 mg used, 1 vial
- check12 weeks: about 17 mg used, 1 vial
- check16 weeks: about 22 mg used, 2 vials
Insulin Syringes (U-100):
- checkPer week: 7 syringes (1/day)
- check8 weeks: 56 syringes
- check12 weeks: 84 syringes
- check16 weeks: 112 syringes (order ~120 with extras)
Bacteriostatic Water (10 mL bottles): Use 2 mL per vial for reconstitution.
- check8 weeks (1 vial): 2 mL, 1 bottle
- check12 weeks (1 vial): 2 mL, 1 bottle
- check16 weeks (2 vials): 4 mL, 1 bottle
Alcohol Swabs: One for the vial stopper and one for the injection site each day.
- checkPer week: 14 swabs (2/day)
- check8 weeks: 112 swabs
- check12 weeks: 168 swabs
- check16 weeks: 224 swabs (recommend 3 x 100-count boxes)
Mechanism of Action (MOA)
Glandokort belongs to the cytomax class of Khavinson peptide bioregulators: a lyophilized complex of short, low-molecular-weight peptides purified from bovine adrenal-cortex tissue rather than a single synthesized sequence [1]. The governing hypothesis, developed within the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology program, is that such ultra-short peptides are small enough to cross the cell and nuclear membranes and then bind, through complementary hydrogen bonding, to specific short promoter motifs in tissue-relevant genes [2][3]. In vitro work with fluorescence-labelled short peptides has directly visualized their entry into the nucleus of HeLa cells and confirmed sequence-specific interaction with deoxyribooligonucleotides and double-stranded DNA, providing the mechanistic anchor for the broader cytomax model [2]. For an adrenal-tropic preparation the proposed result is selective up-regulation of transcription in adrenocortical cells, supporting steroidogenic capacity (cortisol, aldosterone, and adrenal androgens such as DHEA) along with the cell's antioxidant and repair programs as that capacity declines with age [1][3].\n\nPharmacokinetically, Glandokort behaves like other oral peptide bioregulators rather than like a conventional small-molecule drug. The peptides are largely hydrolyzed by gastric and intestinal peptidases, so systemic bioavailability of intact peptide is low and no defined plasma half-life, Cmax, or AUC has been published. The working model is that a small intact fraction is absorbed via intestinal peptide transporters (the PepT1/POT family) and amino-acid carriers (LAT) and reaches target tissue, while the remainder serves as ordinary amino-acid substrate [4]. Biological half-life at the level of gene expression is therefore considered to outlast plasma residence, which is why the protocol is a fixed 30-day course rather than a blood-level-titrated regimen.\n\nClinically the route is oral: two 10 mg capsules per day (20 mg total), taken 15-30 minutes before meals. The subcutaneous reconstitution figures in this entry are an educational reference that mirrors how this site presents other Khavinson bioregulators; they are not a manufacturer-endorsed injectable product. The most directly relevant in-vivo evidence for adrenal/HPA modulation comes from primate work in which a related Khavinson peptide normalized the disturbed circadian rhythm of cortisol secretion in aged monkeys, shifting old animals' morning-evening cortisol pattern toward that of young animals [5][6]. In Russian anti-aging practice Glandokort is frequently cycled and stacked with other cytomaxes (for example thymus, pineal, and vascular preparations) on the rationale that simultaneous tissue-specific regulation is additive; this stacking is based on proposed mechanism rather than controlled interaction data [7].
Clinical Trial Efficacy Highlights
- starNo randomized controlled trial of Glandokort as an isolated commercial product has been published in indexed literature; the available evidence base is Khavinson's broader short-peptide program plus mechanistic studies, so any efficacy claim should be read as preliminary and hypothesis-generating [3][7].
- starThe most adrenal-relevant in-vivo data come from a primate study in which a related Khavinson tetrapeptide normalized the production of cortisol (and melatonin) in old monkeys, bringing the disturbed morning-evening cortisol pattern of aged animals closer to that of young animals [5].
- starA companion primate study reported that the same synthetic tetrapeptide restored disturbed neuroendocrine regulation in senescent monkeys, supporting the general premise that Khavinson peptides can act on age-related HPA-axis dysregulation [6].
- starMechanistically, fluorescence-labelled short peptides were shown to penetrate into the nucleus of cultured human (HeLa) cells and to interact sequence-specifically with DNA in vitro, which is the cell-biology basis the manufacturer invokes for tissue-targeted gene modulation [2].
- starAbsorption and tissue delivery of intact ultrashort peptides is attributed to intestinal POT (PepT1) and LAT transporter systems, helping explain how an orally dosed peptide complex might deliver a small active fraction despite extensive peptidase hydrolysis [4].
- starA systematic review of peptide regulation of gene expression catalogues the transcriptional effects ascribed to Khavinson short peptides across multiple tissues, while noting that much of the primary data is preclinical and concentrated in Russian-language journals [3].
- starKhavinson's long-term clinical signal is strongest for the pineal/pituitary geroprotectors rather than the adrenal product: a 15-year follow-up of a pituitary peptide reported reduced rates of functional decline and mortality in elderly participants, which is cited as proof-of-concept for the platform but is not specific to Glandokort [8].
- starAn overarching review of peptide bioregulation of aging summarizes decades of Russian work claiming favorable safety and geroprotective effects, but the authors themselves frame the field as needing modern controlled trials before firm clinical conclusions can be drawn [7].
Side Effects & Tolerability Profile
Clinical subjects transiently report mild side effects. Slowly escalating the titration dose represents the single most effective intervention to limit side effects.
- warningThe clinical route is oral capsules; the most commonly listed issues are individual intolerance or hypersensitivity to the adrenal peptide complex or to the excipients (methylcellulose capsule, microcrystalline cellulose, calcium stearate).
- warningManufacturer contraindications are pregnancy, breastfeeding, and known individual intolerance to any component; the product has not been studied in children.
- warningBecause Glandokort is intended to modulate the adrenal/HPA axis, people with primary adrenal disease (for example Addison's or Cushing's), those on corticosteroid therapy, or anyone on cortisol-affecting medication should not self-treat and should involve a clinician.
- warningAs a bovine tissue-derived preparation, individuals with beef or bovine-protein allergy should review the specific product composition before use.
- warningThe educational subcutaneous route introduces injection-specific risks that capsules do not: injection-site pain, bruising, redness, lipohypertrophy, and infection if sterile technique is not followed.
- warningNo GLP-grade toxicology, carcinogenicity, or controlled drug-interaction data have been published; the favorable safety record described in Russian literature is observational rather than trial-grade.
- warningTheoretical concern: if peptide binding is less tissue-specific than proposed, off-target gene modulation cannot be excluded, which is most relevant where pro-proliferative or steroidogenic signaling would be undesirable (for example adrenal adenoma or hormone-sensitive conditions).
- warningRegulatory status: Glandokort is not approved as a drug by the FDA or EMA. It is sold as a dietary supplement in some markets and handled as a research compound in others, so the information here is educational only and not a treatment recommendation.
Subcutaneous Injection Technique
Most research peptides require subcutaneous injection into fatty tissue. Never inject directly into a blood vessel or deep muscle tissue unless clinically detailed.
1. Site Selection
Common locations include the abdomen (2 inches from navel), outer upper arms, or thighs.
2. Sanitization
Thoroughly clean the selected site, stopper and vial top using 70% isopropyl alcohol prep swabs.
3. Angle & Push
Pinch the skin and insert the needle at a 45 to 90-degree angle. Depress plunger smoothly.
4. Site Rotation
Rotate injection sites continuously to avoid lipodystrophy or tissue scarring.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the typical Glandokort dosage?expand_more
The standard Glandokort dosage is 20 mg per day, taken as two 10 mg capsules. Most protocols split this as 1-2 capsules once or twice daily, 15-30 minutes before meals, for a 30-day course, then repeat every 3-6 months (or run a 10-day maintenance pulse). Higher doses have not been formally studied. The microgram subcutaneous figures on this page are an educational reconstitution reference, not the clinical oral dose.
Is Glandokort FDA approved?expand_more
No. Glandokort is not approved as a drug by the U.S. FDA or the EMA. It is manufactured in Russia and marketed as a dietary supplement (cytomax) or sold as a research compound, and it has not undergone the controlled trials required for drug approval. Treat the information here as educational, not medical advice.
How do you reconstitute Glandokort for the educational subcutaneous protocol?expand_more
Glandokort is an oral capsule, so reconstitution is only relevant to this site's educational subcutaneous model. In that model you draw 2 mL of bacteriostatic water into a 20 mg vial, giving 10 mg/mL (100 mcg per insulin-syringe unit). Add the water slowly down the vial wall, swirl rather than shake, and refrigerate. A 100-200 mcg educational dose is then just 1-2 units.
What is the half-life of Glandokort?expand_more
Glandokort has no formally published plasma half-life. Like other Khavinson ultra-short peptides it is rapidly hydrolyzed by peptidases (a matter of minutes in circulation), so dosing is driven by a fixed course length rather than blood levels; the proposed biological effect on gene expression is thought to outlast measurable plasma presence.
Can Glandokort be stacked with other Khavinson peptides?expand_more
In Russian anti-aging practice Glandokort is commonly cycled alongside other cytomaxes such as thymus, pineal (Endoluten/Epitalon family), and vascular peptides, on the theory that tissue-specific regulators are additive. This stacking is based on proposed mechanism, not controlled interaction studies, so monitor closely and involve a clinician, especially given Glandokort's adrenal/HPA target.
Related Guides & Tools
Step-by-step references for reconstituting, measuring, and storing Glandokort, plus the universal dosing calculator.
Academic References & Study Citations
Khavinson VKh. Peptides and Ageing. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2002;23 Suppl 3:11-144. View Scientific Paper →
Fedoreyeva LI, Kireev II, Khavinson VKh, Vanyushin BF. Penetration of short fluorescence-labeled peptides into the nucleus in HeLa cells and in vitro specific interaction of the peptides with deoxyribooligonucleotides and DNA. Biochemistry (Mosc). 2011;76(11):1210-1219. View Scientific Paper →
Khavinson VK, Popovich IG, Linkova NS, Mironova ES, Ilina AR. Peptide Regulation of Gene Expression: A Systematic Review. Molecules. 2021;26(22):7053. View Scientific Paper →
Khavinson V, Linkova N, Kozhevnikova E, Dyatlova A, et al. Transport of Biologically Active Ultrashort Peptides Using POT and LAT Carriers. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(14):7733. View Scientific Paper →
Goncharova ND, Khavinson VKh, Lapin BA. Regulatory effect of Epithalon on production of melatonin and cortisol in old monkeys. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2001;131(4):394-396. View Scientific Paper →
Khavinson V, Goncharova N, Lapin B. Synthetic tetrapeptide epitalon restores disturbed neuroendocrine regulation in senescent monkeys. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2001;22(4):251-254. View Scientific Paper →
Anisimov VN, Khavinson VKh. Peptide bioregulation of aging: results and prospects. Biogerontology. 2010;11(2):139-149. View Scientific Paper →
Korkushko OV, Khavinson VKh, Shatilo VB, Antonyk-Sheglova IA. Peptide geroprotector from the pituitary gland inhibits rapid aging of elderly people: results of 15-year follow-up. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2011;151(3):366-369. View Scientific Paper →